Consolidation is gradual volume change in saturated soil as water is squeezed from pore spaces under sustained loading. It can occur over time and depends on soil properties, drainage paths, and the applied load. Geotechnical analyses estimate behavior using investigation data and assumptions. The term is distinct from immediate deformation that may occur during loading.
Why it matters for owners
Time-dependent ground movement can affect project phasing, monitoring, and coordination with structures or utilities.
